Arithmatic operators are used to perform the basic arithmatic operations.
| Operator | Operation |
|---|---|
| + | Addition |
| - | Subtraction |
| * | Multiplication |
| / | Division |
| % | Modulus |
| ** | Exponent |
| // | Floor division |
a=20
b=10
c=12
d=15
print('Addition ',a+b)
print('Subtraction ',a-b)
print('Multiplication ', a*b)
print('Division ', d/b)
print('Modulus ', a%c)
print('Floor division ', d//b)
del(a,b,c,d) # deleting the variables
Python support the following assignment operators.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| = | Assigns values from right side operands to the left side operand |
| += | It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand |
| -= | It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left |
| * = | It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand. |
| /= | It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left |
| %= | It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand |
| ** = | Performs exponential (power) calculation on operators and assign value to the left operand |
| //= | It performs floor division on operators and assign value to the left operand |
a=20
b=10
c=12
d=15
print("a= ", a, "\nb= ",b , "\nc= ", c, "\nd= ",d)
a+=b
print("The value of a and b after a+=b is ")
print("a = ", a)
print("b = ", b)
a-=b
print("The value of a and b after a-=b is ")
print("a = ", a)
print("b = ", b)
a*=b
print("The value of a and b after a*=b is ")
print("a = ", a)
print("b = ", b)
a/=b
print("The value of a and b after a/=b is ")
print("a = ", a)
print("b = ", b)
c%=b
print("The value of c and b after c %= b is ")
print("c = ", c)
print("b = ", b)
d//=b
print("The value of d and b after d %= b is ")
print("d = ", d)
print("b = ", b)
del(a,b,c,d) # deleting the variables
Relational operators compare the values on either side of the operator to decide the relation
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| == | Returns True only if both operands are equal |
| != | Returns True if both operands are not equal |
| > | The condition becomes true if left side operand is bigger than the right side operand |
| >= | The condition becomes true if left side operand is bigger than or equal to the right side operand |
| < | The condition becomes true if left side operand is smaller than the right side operand |
| <= | The condition becomes true if left side operand is smaller than or equal to the right side operand |
left_var1=100
left_var2=15
right_var1=100
right_var2=10
print('left_var1 == right_var1 is ', left_var1==right_var1)
print('left_var1 == right_var2 is ', left_var1==right_var2)
print('left_var1 != right_var2 is ', left_var1!=right_var2)
print('left_var1 > right_var2 is ', left_var1 > right_var2)
print('left_var1 >= right_var1 is ', left_var1 >= right_var1)
print('left_var1 < right_var2 is ', left_var1 < right_var2)
print('left_var1 <= right_var1 is ', left_var1 <= right_var1)
del(left_var1,left_var2, right_var1, right_var2 ) # deleting the variables
Bitwise operator works on bits and perform bit by bit operation.
| Operator | Operation | Description |
|---|---|---|
| & | Binary AND | Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands |
| | | Binary OR | It copies a bit if it exists in either operand |
| ^ | Binary XOR | It copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both |
| ~ | Binary Ones Complement | It is unary and has the effect of flipping bits. |
| << | Binary Left Shift | The left operand's value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand |
| >> | Binary Right Shift | The left operand's value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand |
10 in binary is 00001010
4 in binary is 00000100
a & b is
00001010
00000100
===============
00000000a=10 # in binary system, the decimal no 10 is written as 00001010
b=4 # in binary system, the decimal no 4 is written as 00000100
print("a & b is ",a&b) # 00001010 & 00000100 is 00000000
print("a ^ b is ",a^b) # 00001010 ^ 00000100 is 00001110 which is 14 in decimal number system
print("~a is ",~a) # if a= 00001010 then ~a= 11110101 which is -11
print("a << 1 is ",a<<1) # 00001010 <<1 is 00010100 which is 20 in decimal number system
print("a >> 1 is ",a >> 1) # 00001010 >> 1 is 00000101 which is 5 in decimal number system
del(a,b) # deleting the variables
| Operator | Operation | Description |
|---|---|---|
| and | Logical AND | If both the operands are true then condition becomes true |
| or | Logical OR | If any of the operands are true then condition becomes true |
| not | Logical NOT | Used to reverse the logical state of its operand |
a=20
b=10
c=12
d=15
print((a>b) and (d>c))
print((a>b) and (c>d))
print((a>b) or (c>d))
print(not(a>b))
print(not(b>a))
del(a,b,c,d) # deleting the variables
Python's membership operators test for membership in a sequence, such as strings, lists, tuples.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| in | Evaluate to true if the variables on either side of the operator point to the same object and false otherwise |
| not in | Evaluates to true if it does not find a variable in the specified sequence and false otherwise |
str="Hello world"
print('H' in str) # Returns True because H is in str
print('A' in str) # Returns False because A is not in str
print('A' not in str) # Returns True because A is not in str
print('e' not in str) # Returns False because we are checking 'e' is not in str but e is in str so it will be False
del(str) # deleting the variable str
Identity operators compare the memory locations of two objects.
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| is | Evaluate to true if the variables on either side of the operator point to the same object and false otherwise |
| is not | Evaluates to false if the variable on either side of the operator point to the same object and true otherwise |
a=10
b=10
c=5
print(a is b)
print(a is c)
print(a is not b)
print(a is not c)
del(a,b,c) # deleting the variables
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| ( ) | Parentheses |
| ** | Exponentiation |
| ~ , + , - | Complement, Unary plus and minus |
| * , / , % , // | Multiply, Divide, Modulus, Floor division |
| + , - | Addition, Subtraction |
| >> , << | Right and left bitwise shift |
| & | Bitwise AND |
| ^ , | | Bitwise exclusive OR, regular OR |
| <= , <> , >= | Comparision operators |
| <>, == , != | Equality operators |
| = , %= , /= , //= , -= , += , * = , ** = | Assignment operators |
| is , is not | Identity operator |
| in , not in | Membership operators |
| not, or, and | Logical operators |
(2+3)**2+8/4
2+3**2+9/3
2-3**2+9/3